The present research was conducted with the aim of the relationship between social factors and family violence against children (child abuse). The used method was a survey and the data collection tool was also a questionnaire. From a total of 155 families with a history of child abuse based on the social emergency statistics of Tehran in the last 6 months of 1397, 110 families (parents with one or more children) were selected in District 9 of Tehran Municipality. The random sampling method was simple. In the present study, children under 11 years (6-11 years) were defined as the age range of children and family violence was also defined as violence applied by parents, older siblings. Research hypotheses were tested with SPSS statistical software through Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results showed that the experience of violence has a positive relationship with psychological violence, physical violence, neglect against children and family violence against children. In other results, it was found that violence-oriented mentality has a positive relationship with psychological violence, physical violence, neglect against children and family violence against children. In the continuation of the obtained results, the positive relationship of family problems with mental violence, physical violence and neglect against children and family violence against children was confirmed and it was found that gender stereotypes have a positive relationship with mental violence, physical violence and neglect against children and family violence against children. Finally, in the main hypothesis, the results showed: social factors have a positive relationship with psychological violence, physical violence and neglect against children and family violence against children.

Introduction: Child sexual abuse is a significant public health issue and a major threat to the mental well-being of children. A child who experiences sexual abuse is at a greater risk of facing other negative childhood experiences. Understanding the risk factors and effects of sexual abuse is crucial for accurately assessing and preventing this issue. Method: The present study aimed to investigate the lived experience of girls who have experienced childhood sexual abuse. In this study, 8 girls who had experienced childhood sexual abuse were selected using purposive sampling and were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. It should be noted that sampling continued until data saturation was achieved. The data were initially recorded, coded, and then analyzed using the Colaizzi method in order to conduct the analysis. Result: The analysis of girls' experiences of sexual abuse yielded four themes: lack of betrayal, self-blame, stigmatization, and psychological trauma. Discussion and Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of preventive measures and increasing the attention of families and social institutions in supporting children and preventing sexual abuse in girls.

Localized morphea is a disorder of unknown cause in which there is localized sclerosis of the skin. Disabling pansclerotic morphea of childhood is a rare severe mutilating form of morphea involving the dermis, fat, fascia, muscle and even bone, usually starting before the age of 14 years. Here, an eight-year-old boy with progressive sclerosis of palmar surface of wrist and hand and digits without involvement of finger tips is presented whose major signs were flexion contracture of wrist and claw hand deformity of third and fourth fingers. Due to progressive nature of the disease he was treated with prednisolone and hydroxychloroquine and the progression of the disease was controlled.

Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between childhood abuse and self-regulation, with a specific focus on how dark personality traits mediate this relationship in university students in Tehran. Methods and Materials: The research adopted a cross-sectional design and included university students from undergraduate, master's, and doctoral programs during the academic year 2021-22. Using convenience sampling, 400 students were selected to participate. Data were collectedthrough three standardized instruments: the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) for childhood abuse, the Dark Triad Personality Traits Questionnaire for dark personality traits (Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, Narcissism), and the Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ) to measure self-regulation. Linear regression analysis was conducted using SPSS-27 to explore the relationships between childhood trauma, dark personality traits, and self-regulation, with a significance level set at p < 0. 05. Findings: The findings revealed that childhood trauma significantly predicted self-regulation skills, with dark personality traits (Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, and Narcissism) acting as mediators in this relationship. Specifically, higher levels of childhood abuse were associated with lower self-regulation abilities, and dark traits such as high Machiavellianism and Psychopathy exacerbated this negative relationship. Additionally, significant correlations were found between all subscales of the CTQ and SRQ, as well as between dark traits and poor self-regulation. Conclusion: This study concludes that childhood abuse has a detrimental effect on self-regulation, and this relationship is moderated by dark personality traits. It highlights the importance of considering both traumatic experiences and personality factors in understanding self-regulation challenges in young adults. Interventions aimed at improving self-regulation should address both childhood trauma and dark personality traits to enhance emotional well-being and personal development.